Textbook in PDF format

This book is intended for professional designers of integrated amplifiers and graduate students in this field. It serves as a guide to the frequency
compensation of integrated amplifiers, emphasizing low-voltage and lowpower solutions. The basis of this text was written as a dissertation at the Delft University ofTechnology. The aim of the Ph.D. project was to investigate new frequency compensation techniques that were suited for the new generation low-voltage, low-power integrated amplifiers. During the four years of research it soon became apparent that, although frequency compensation is a subject that every integrated-circuit designer is likely to come across, surprisingly few attempts have been made to systematically
address this subject. The book aims at bridging the gap between the professional designer's needs and available techniques for frequency compensation. It does so in the first place by explaining existing techniques. Furthermore, the text covers several new techniques which are the direct results of the Ph.D. study. Examples of the latter are Hybrid Nested Miller compensation (Sect. 5.4), Multipath Miller Zero cancellation (Sect. 6.4) and Multipath Conditionally Stable compensation (Sect. 6.5). All compensation techniques are treated in a stage-number based order, progressing from a single transistor to circuits with six stages and more. Apart from discussing the mathematical basis of the compensation methods, the book provides the reader with the factual information that is required for practicing the design of integrated feedback amplifiers and many worked out exampIes. What is more, many bipolar and CMOS operational amplifier realizations, along with their measurement results, prove the effectiveness of the compensation techniques in real-life circuits. In li ne with the current trends in analog circuit design, the text focuses on low-voltage, low-power integrated amplifiers. Many of the presented bipolar circuits operate at supply voltages down to 1 V, while several CMOS amplifiers that function correctly just slightly above this voltage are demonstrated. The lowest measured power consumption amounts to 17flW for a dass AB CMOS opamp with 120dB gain. Despite this attention to low-voltage and low-power, the frequency compensation strategies provided are universally applicable. The fundamental approach followed leads to efficient compensation strategies that are wen guarded against the parameter variations inherent to the mass-fabrication of integrated circuits. The book is divided into three main parts. The first part (chapters 1,2 and 3) is optional. The interested reader will find the basic theory of negative feedback amplifiers here. The second and the third parts, spanning chapters 4 through 7, establish the core of the work. Of these, the second part (chapters 4 through 6) introduces the various compensation techniques, induding the theory and several simple examples, while the third (chapter 7) discusses the worked-out silicon realizations and the measurement
results. Although the last two parts build upon the theory of part one, they are intended to be usable without prior reading of the first